新GRE逻辑阅读练习题最新汇总3篇
下面是范文网小编收集的新GRE逻辑阅读练习题最新汇总3篇，供大家阅读。
For each of Questions 5-8, select one answer choice unless otherwise instructed.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the following reading passage.
Present-day philosophers usually envision their discipline as an endeavor that has been, since antiquity, distinct from and superior to any particular intellectual discipline such as theology or science. The basis for this 5 view, however, lies in a serious misinterpretation of the past,a projection of modern concerns onto past events. The idea of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy", distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out, on close examination, to 10 be of quite recent origin. When, in the seventeenth century,Descartes and Hobbes rejected medieval philosophy, they did not think of themselves, as modern philosophers do,as proposing a new and better philosophy, but rather as furthering "the warfare between 15 science and theology". They were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new science and to liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth,not of philosophy, but of research in 20 mathematics and physics. This link between philosophical interests and scientific practice persisted until the nineteenth century, when decline in ecclesiastical power over scholarship and changes in the nature of science provoked the final separation of philosophy from both.25 The demarcation of philosophy from science was facilitated by the development in the early nineteenth century of a new notion, that philosophy‘s core interest should be epistemology, the general explanation of what it means to know something.
Modern philosophers now 30 trace that notion back at least to Descartes and Spinoza,but it was not explicitly articulated until the late eighteenth century, by Kant, and did not become built into the structure of academic institutions and the standard self-descriptions of philosophy professors until the late 35 nineteenth century. Without the idea of epistemology,the survival of philosophy in an age of modern science is hard to imagine. Metaphysics, philosophy‘s traditional core—considered as the most general description of how 40 the heavens and the earth are put together—had been rendered almost completely meaningless by the spectacular progress of physics. Kant, however, by focusing philosophy on the problem of knowledge, managed to replace metaphysics with epistemology, and 45 thus to transform the notion of philosophy as "queen of sciences" into the new notion of philosophy as a separate,foundational discipline: philosophy became "primary" no longer in the sense of "highest" but in the sense of "underlying".
5. Which of the following best expresses the author‘s main point?
○A Philosophy‘s overriding interest in basic human questions is a legacy primarily of the work of Kant.
○B Philosophy was deeply involved in the seventeenth-century warfare between science and religion.
○C The set of problems of primary importance to philosophers has remained relatively constant since antiquity.
○D The status of philosophy as an independent intellectual pursuit is a relatively recent development.
○E The role of philosophy in guiding intellectual speculation has gradually been usurped by science. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply
6. The author of the passage implies which of the following in discussing the development of philosophy during the nineteenth century EXCEPT?
□A Nineteenth-century philosophy took science as its model for understanding the bases of knowledge.
□B Nineteenth-century philosophers carried out a program of investigation explicitly laid out by Descartes and Spinoza.
□C Kant had an overwhelming impact on the direction of nineteenth-century philosophy.
7. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author characterizes Descartes‘ support for the new science of the seventeenth century. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply
8. With which of the following statements concerning the writing of history would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?
□A History should not be distorted by attributing present-day consciousness to historical figures.
□B History should be concerned with describing those aspects of the past that differ most from those of the present.
□C History should not emphasize the role played by ideas over the role played by individuals.
答案：5. D. 6. AB 7. They were fighting, albeit discreetly, ... 8. A
Question 4 is based on the following reading passage.
According to astronomer S.A. Phinney, kicking a rock hard enough to free it from Earth's gravity would require a meteorite capable of making a crater more than 60 miles across. Moreover, even if Earth rocks were freed by meteorite impact, Mars's orbit is much larger than Earth's, so Phinney estimates that the probability of these rocks hitting Mars is about one-tenth as great as that of Mars's rocks hitting Earth. To demonstrate this estimate, Phinney used a computer to calculate where 1,000 hypothetical particles would go if ejected from Earth in random directions. He found that 17 of the 1,000 particles would hit Mars.
4. Which of the following, if true, would cast most doubt on Phinney's estimate of the probability of Earth rocks hitting Mars?
○A Rather than going in random directions, about 25 percent of all particles ejected from Earth go in the same direction into space.
○B Approximately 100 meteorites large enough to make a noticeable crater hit the Earth each year.
○C No rocks of Earth origin have been detected on Mars.
○D The velocity of rocks escaping from Earth's gravity is lower than the velocity of meteorites hitting the Earth.
○E No craters more than 60 miles across have been found on Mars.
答案：A
Question 9 is based on the following reading passage.
Although recent years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles,the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing. Consequently, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide,particulate matter, and ozone (generated by photochemical, reactions with hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust) that exceed legally established limits.
9.Which of the following most closely parallels the situation described in the first sentence of the passage?
○A Although a town reduces its public services in order to avoid a tax increase, the town's tax rate exceeds that of other towns in the surrounding area.
○B Although a state passes strict laws to limit the type of toxic material that can be disposed of in public landfills, illegal dumping continues to increase.
○C Although a town's citizens reduce their individual use of water, the town's water supplies continue to dwindle because of a steady increase in the total population of the town.
○D Although a country attempts to increase the sale of domestic goods by adding a tax to the price of imported goods, the sale of imported goods within the country continues to increase.
○E Although a country reduces the speed limit on its national highways, the number of fatalities caused by automobile accidents continues to increase.
答案：C