IELTS作文词汇和句型总结IELTS作文词汇和句型总结共9篇
下面是范文网小编整理的IELTS作文词汇和句型总结IELTS作文词汇和句型总结共9篇，供大家阅读。
四六级作文常用句型总结
一)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
But the fundamental cause is that ...
三)后果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it produces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
四)批驳
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
五)举例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)证明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
国庆节英语作文常用词汇句型归纳
通常要表示“庆祝”节日，我们都用celebrate 这个词，比如： Chinese people are going to celebrate their National Day on October 1. The Mid-autumn Festival was celebrated by Chinese people all around the world. 要表示“以……方式庆祝”，我们通常说： We celebrated the New Year with a dance party. We hold a dragon boat competition to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. 如果要说“庆祝活动”，通常用celebration 这个词。庆祝活动通常是不止一个了，所以还有celebrations，比如： The villagers had a celebration， with a new film to finish up with. I'm sure the Times Square celebrations cost a lot of money. 最后，再来学几个有关国庆节的'表达： National Day is coming. 国庆节快到了。 National Day falls on Monday this year. 今年国庆节是星期一。 October 1st. is China‘s National Day. 十月一日是中国的国庆节。 It's a fortnight to National Day. 离国庆节还有两星期剑桥少儿英语预备级词汇句型总结
预备级下册Unit1-6单词、句子
(三会：听，说，读)
Unit1 Words: pen钢笔pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子eraser 橡皮
Book书 bag书包big大的small小的boy男孩girl女孩
door 门window窗户 chair椅子 desk课桌
Sentences: What can you see? 你能看到什么?
I can see a book. 我看到一本书。
Unit2 Words: paint涂、画draw画catch抓hop单腿跳jump跳跃run跑walk走count数bounce拍touch触摸football足球badminton羽毛球baseball棒球basketball篮球
Unit3 Words: you你 I我he他 she她it 它we我们you 你们they他们
write写 dance跳舞 read读 skate滑冰 talk说话play 玩
Unit4 Words: friend朋友 watch TV看电视
Sentences: They are my friends. 他们是我的朋友。
we are all friends. 我们都是朋友。
Unit5 Words: cat猫dog狗hen母鸡duck鸭子horse马pig猪parrot鹦鹉
rabbit兔子 mouse老鼠(单数)mice(复数) snake蛇
Spider蜘蛛turtle海龟
Sentences: What animals do you like? 你喜欢什么动物?
I like dogs.我喜欢狗。
Unit6 Words: apple苹果pineapple菠萝banana香蕉 orange橘子 peach桃子
Pear梨mango芒果lemon柠檬watermelon西瓜
Sentences: Do you like pineapples? 你喜欢菠萝么?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 是的，我喜欢。/不，不喜欢。
预备级下册Unit7-11单词、句子
(三会：听，说，读)
Unit7 Words: house房子bedroom卧室bathroom浴室living room客厅
dinning-room餐厅kitchen厨房
take a bath洗澡 have supper吃晚饭watch TV看电视sleep睡觉
Sentences: What’s Bobby doing? Bobby正在做什么?
He is taking a bath. 他正在洗澡。
what time is it? 现在几点?
It’s 8 p.m.. 晚上八点。
Unit8 Words: pizza披萨 sausage香肠 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 bean豆
Pea豌豆onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜
Sentences: What’s in the pizza? 披萨里面有什么?
what’s in your bag? 你的书包里有什么?
there is a pencil-case and some books. 有一个铅笔盒和一些书。
Unit9 Words: mirror镜子jacket夹克vest 马甲shirt衬衫T-shirt T恤衫
trousers裤子 jeans牛仔裤shorts短裤dress连衣裙skirt短裙
Sock袜子shoe鞋cap鸭舌帽glasses眼镜handbag手提包
Sentences: What do you like to wear? 你喜欢穿什么?
I like skirts.我喜欢穿短裙。
I like sun-glasses but I don’t like hats.我喜欢戴太阳镜但我不喜欢戴帽子。
Unit10 Words: brush teeth刷牙take a bath洗澡read books读书play a game做游戏 have breakfast吃早餐 tell a story讲故事 play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏climb the tree 爬树play football踢足球
Sentences: What are the cows doing? 那群奶牛在做什么?
they are eating grass.他们在吃草。
Unit11 Words: plane飞机 ship轮船 train火车 bike自行车 boat小船car小汽车bus公共汽车jeep 吉普车
Sentences: Where are you going? 你要去哪里?
I’m going to Dalian. 我要去大连。
How are you going there? 你怎么去那里?
I’m going there by ship. 我要坐轮船去。
预备级下册Unit12-16单词、句子
(三会：听，说，读)
Unit12Words: big大的 small/little小的 left左边right右边 long长的 short短的 tall高的 short矮的 young年轻的 old老的. quick快的 slow慢的 hot热的 cold冷的 happy高兴的 sad伤心的
Unit13Words: hair头发head头 mouth嘴nose鼻子eye眼睛ear耳朵
tooth 牙齿(单数)teeth牙齿(复数)arm胳膊hand手
foot脚(单数) feet脚(复数) leg腿body身体
Sentences: What’s this? 这是什么?
It’s a mouth. 这是嘴。
Unit14Words: my我的 your你的 his他的 her她的 our我们的 their他们的
toy玩具 pet宠物 kite风筝 bread 面包cake蛋糕 rice米饭
Sentences: Where is my doll? 我的洋娃娃在哪儿?
How many books are there? 有多少本书?
what’s he doing? 他在做什么?
Unit15Words: one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八
nine九 ten十 flower花朵
Sentences: How many cats are there? 有多少只猫?
there are two cats. 有两只。
Unit16Words:sing唱歌 dance跳舞 play football踢足球 swim游泳 wall 墙
Sentences: What do you like doing? 你喜欢做什么?
I like running. 我喜欢跑步。
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言
2.It goes without saying that... 不言而喻，...
3.It can be said with certainty that... 可以肯定地说......
4.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的，
5.It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...
6.It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
7.It's likely that ... 这可能是因为...
8.It's hardly that... 这是很难的......
9.It's hardly too much to say that... 它几乎没有太多的说…
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
2.As is often the case...由于通常情况下...
3.As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述
4.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然
第一文库网而问题并非如此简单，所以……5.But it's a pity that... 但遗憾的是…
6.For all that...对于这一切...... In spite of the fact that...尽管事实......
7.Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...
8.However , the difficulty lies in...然而，困难在于…
9.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...
10.not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
11.In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势
12.As has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的…
13.In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说
14.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 …
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion, it's more advisable...因此，在我看来，更可取的是…
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好
四.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如
下。
2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.多年来，……一直被视为……，但今天的情况有很大的.不同。
3. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为…
4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意这一观点的… I believe….
5. My argument for this view goes as follows.我对这个问题的看法如下。
6. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…
7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….有一个长期运行的辩论，是否…
8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者。
10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想有必要看看双方的论据。
五表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.3. A and B differ in…. 4. A differs from B in….5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….6. Compared
with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.有许多因素可能占...，但以下是最典型的。
3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows.
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we've learned a lot. 4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.6.Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.7. The
effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight. 8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight. 吃太多导致超重。
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
they sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
the film we saw last night was very interesting. →
the film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
the film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
thank you very much for you help. →
we appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
the family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
the family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
the products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
the professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET ) ② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)
27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
the other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
the majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
what do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
二．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.
He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（湖北卷）
③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.
2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.
◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more
Popular than any one else.
◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in 全国卷 Ⅲ )
②◆（非限制性）定语从句
① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
② It was quite an experience for us both, 北京卷)
◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and 全国卷Ⅱ)
③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（20湖南卷）
◆ with结构
① ②
◆ 倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →
② Although we are tired, we are happy.→
③上海卷)
④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（湖南卷）
◆ 被动语态
① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET )
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷 Ⅳ)
③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)
◆ 巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.
（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The
Moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.
（3）．have sb/sth do/done
the girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was
Broken.).
（4）．变换插入语的位置
① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →
they suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)
② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well
You’ve learned Chinese. →
this is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how
well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)
(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several
days.→
Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷)
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and
Poems that are read all over the world.（年湖南卷）
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头
① 用with复合结构开头
with the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.
with his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（湖南卷）
with the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（江苏卷）
② 用非谓语动词形式开头
。In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest. ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.
（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆ 相关过渡语
1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at
last…
2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…
6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…
作文经典句型总结
分页：[1]?2?3?4作文经典句型总结 一至七条为图表句型.
一． 上升增长
1．…add up to… 增加了
eg. The total amount of … added up to 14 billion pounds(14%) in 1994.
2． to jump to / to soar to.. 一跃达到/ 猛增到…
eg. The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.
3．…an increase of about…percent as compared with.. 与…相比大约增加了…
eg. In August as many as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.
4．…to experience an increase/incline …有了增长
eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.
二． 下降，减少
1．…to sink/drop/reduce to… 减少到…
eg. The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.
2．…to experience a decrease/decline …有了减少
eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 注意：
修饰上升/减少的.副词有：
rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有：
the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10%
三． 起伏
1．…to go up and down …起伏不定
eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.
2．There be ups and downs …有起有伏
eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in （某方面）.
四． 稳定
1．…to remain steady/level/unchanged …保持稳定，几乎不变
eg. The rate of …remained steady (fairly level/almost unchanged) during the four years from 1963 to 1967.
2．…to level off (vi.)
eg. After a steady decline for a whole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off.
注意：
修饰起伏或稳定状态的副词有：
Almost fairly 可以用于表达起伏，稳定状态的句子中的词组或句型：
the general situation was not worsening
Show indications of improvement
It can be predicted that…
eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the general situation was not worsening.
eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in …
五． 成正比，反比
1．…be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 与…成正比/反比
eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio.
六． 占百分之几，几分之几
1….to form/comprise/make up/constitute ….percent …占百分之…
eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the US.population.
eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.
2．…to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4
eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.
3．…account for…percent 占百分之几
eg. ……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of…
七． 倍数
1．A be …times as much/many as B
eg.
一、词 汇
1. acquisition n. 获得.添加的物品
2. adolescent a. 青春期的.青年的 n. 青少年
3. adverse a. 不利的.敌对的.相反的.逆的
4. aesthetic a. 美学的.审美的.有美感
5. affiliate vt. 附属.接纳 vi. 有关
6. afflict vt. 使痛苦.折磨
7. aggravate vt. 使恶化.使更加重
8. agitation n.鼓动.煸动;搅动
9. alleviate vt. 减轻.使缓和
10. amends n. 赔偿
11. baffle vt.使挫折 n.迷惑
12. barren a.贫瘠的;不妊的
13. batch n. 一组.分批.成批.批
14. bizarre a. 奇异的
15. bleak a. 萧瑟的.苍白的.荒凉的
16. blunder vi.犯大错 n.大错
17. blunt a. 钝的.坦率的.麻痹的
18. bonus n. 奖金.红利
19. brace n.支柱 vt.拉紧.撑牢
20. brittle a.脆的;易损坏的
21. capsule n. 胶囊.瓶帽.太空舱
22. casualty n. 伤亡.受害者
23. ceramic a. 陶器的 n. 陶瓷制品
24. cereal n.谷类.五谷.禾谷
25. commentary n. 注释.评论.批评
26. commitment n. 委托.实行.承担义务.赞助
27. commute vt. 交换.兑换. 经常来往
28. compatible a.一致的;兼容制的
29. competence n. 胜任.资格.能力
30. compile vt.编辑.编制.搜集
31. compulsory a.强迫的.义务的
32. deficit n. 赤字.不足额
33. degenerate a. 堕落的 vi.vt使变质.使退化 .
34. deliberate a.深思熟虑的;审慎的
35. denote vt.指示.意味着
36. denounce vt.谴责.声讨;告发
37. depict vt. 描述.描写
38. designate vt.指出.指示;指定
39. despatch vt.vi.n. 派遣
40. despise vt.鄙视.蔑视
41. deteriorate vt.vi. (使)恶化
42. eccentric n. 怪人.偏心圆 a. 古怪的.不同圆心的
43. edible a. 可食用的 n. 食品.食物
44. ego n. 自我
45. elicit vt. 引出.抽出.引起
46. elite n. 精华.精锐.中坚分子
47. eloquent a. 雄辩的.有口才的.动人的
48. embark vi. 乘船.着手.从事.上飞机
49. empirical a.经验主义的
50. endow vt.资助;赋予.授予
51. enhance vt.提高.增加;夸张
52. flank n.肋.肋腹;侧面
53. flap vt. n.拍打 vi.拍动
54. fling vi. vt.(用力)扔.抛
55. fluctuate vi.波动 vt.使波动
56. flutter vi.(鸟)振翼;飘动
57. foam n.泡沫;泡沫塑料
58. foil n. 箔.金属薄片 vt. 贴箔于. 衬托
59. formidable a.可怕的;难对付的
60. formulate vt.用公式表示
61. fort n.要塞.堡垒
62. gloomy a.黑暗的;令人沮丧的
63. gorgeous a.绚丽的;极好的
64. gossip n.闲谈;碎嘴子;漫笔
65. graze vi.喂草;放牧(牲畜)
66. grease n.动物脂.脂肪
67. grief n.悲哀.悲痛.悲伤
68. grieve vt.使悲痛 vi.悲痛
69. grim a.冷酷无情的.严厉的
70. grope vi.(暗中)摸索.探索
71. hamper vt.妨碍.阻碍.牵制
72. illusion n.幻想;错觉;假象
73. imaginative a. 想象的.虚构的
74. imitation n.仿制品.伪制物
75. immerse vt.沉浸;给…施洗礼
76. immune a. 免疫的.免除的.不受影响的
77. impair vt. 损害.减少.削弱
78. impart vt.给予.传递;告诉
79. imperative n. 命令. a.命令式的.急需的.强制的
80. imperial a. 帝王的.至尊的 n. 特等品
81. impetus n. 动力.推动力.激励
82. jail n.监狱 vi.监禁
83. jeopardize vt. 危害.使受危困.使陷危地
84. jerk vt.猛地一拉 vi.急拉
85. journalist n.记者.新闻工作者
86. junction n.连接;接头;中继线
87. jury n.陪审团;评奖团
88. justification n. 辩护.证明是正当的.释罪
89. kidney n.肾.腰子;性格
90. kit n.成套工具;用具包
91. knit vt.把…编结 vi.编织
92. knob n.门把.拉手;旋纽
93. lamb n.羔羊.小羊;羔羊肉
94. lame a.跛的;瘸的.残废的
95. landscape n.风景.景色.景致
96. latent a.存在但看不见的
97. latitude n.纬度;黄纬
98. layman n. 俗人.门外汉.凡人
99. leaflet n.传单.活页;广告
100. lease n.租约.契约.租契
101. legend n.传说.传奇
102. legislation n.立法;法规
二、短 语
1. abide by(=be faithful to obey)忠于;遵守
2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在
3. absence of mind(=being absent-minded)
心不在焉
4. (be) abundant in
(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有
5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解
6. by accident
(=by chance, accidentally) 偶然地,意外
7. in accord with 与…致.
Out of one’s accord with 同….不一致
8. with one accord
(=with everybody agreeing) 一致地
9. in accordance with
(=in agreement with) 依照,根据
10. take…into account
(=consider) 把...考虑进去
11. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释
12. on no account (=in no case, for no reason)
绝不要,无论如何不要 (放句首时句子要倒装)
13. be accustomed to
(=be in the habit of, be used to) 习惯于
14. be acquainted with
(=to have knowledge of) 了解;
(=to have met socially ) 熟悉
15. act on 奉行,按照,行动;
Act as 扮演;
Act for 代理
16. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)
使自己适应于
17. adapt (for)
(=make sth. Suitable for a new need)
改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)
18. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又
19. in addition to
(=as well as, besides, other than) 除…外
20. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循
21. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的
22. adjust..(to) (=change slightly) 调节; 适应;
23. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for)
六级作文常用句型总结
一)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that…
But the fundamental cause is that ...
三)后果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it produces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
四)批驳
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
一．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．2）The reasons for this are as follows．3）The reason for this is obvious．4）The reason for this is not far to seek．5）The reason for this is that．．．6）We have good reason to believe that．．．例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life．There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
二．表示好处1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good．3）It benefits us quite a lot．4）It is beneficial to us．5）It is of great benefit to us．例如：Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
三．表示坏处1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．2）It does us much harm．3）It is harmful to us．例如：However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
四．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．2）We think it necessary to do sth．3）It plays an important role in our life．例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
五．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures．2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Thereforewe must take some effective measures to solve it．
六．表示变化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and morepeople are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
七．表示事实、现状1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．2）No one can deny the fact that．．．3）There is no denying the fact that．．．4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．5）However，that’s not the case．例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
八．表示比较1）Compared with A，B．．．2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．3）There is a striking contrast between them．例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
九．表示数量1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 20xx．
十．表示看法1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．2）People have different opinions on this problem．3）People take different views of（on）the question．4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．再如：Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
十一．表示结论1）In short，it can be said that ．．．2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion thatexamination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
十二．套语1）It’s well known to us that ．．．2）As is known to us，．．．3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus． The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．
十三.原因结果
1….(结果)…, owing to (原因) [owing to 为分词结构]2….(结果)…, attributable to（原因） [attributable to为形容词短语]3….(结果) lie in the fact that（原因） [ 同位语从句 ]4….（结果）result from（原因） [句型一般]5. It is precisely because （原因）…that （导致结果）… [强调结构]6. …, as a result, …（导致结果）… [as a result做插入语]7. （原因）be responsible for（结果） [常见句型]8. （原因），which in turn（结果）eg. They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.十四．方式，比较1. (Just) as …, so… 正如… [ 比较句型 ]eg. Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.2. in much the same way/manner that… 正如…, 和…一样eg. The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.十五. 强调句1. only [既是强调句,又是倒装句]eg. Only in this way can you hope to improve the present situation.2. It is …that…eg. It is because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.3. nothing but 只不过；只有…eg. If what we have been striving for is nothing but pleasure-seeking, our nation will be deprived of the right to rise.(这里nothing but 可以去掉,不影响句意,但有了nothing but,就强调了后面的名词)十六. 假设1. Supposing……, it is likely that…. 假设…, 那么很可能… [假设, 虚拟语态]eg. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc. from an advertisement.十七. 否定1. 双重否定not uncommon = common 平常的,普通的not unusual = usual 平常的，通常的not inevitable=evitable 可以避免的(尽量把要强调的普通的形容词改成双重否定, 为文章多增加亮点)十八.直陈观点1. more than…can 简直不,无法,难以…eg. The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.2. beyond description 无法描述eg. The beauty of the city is beyond description.3. There is no point(use) in doing… …是没有任何意义的.4. The first nut for us to crack is … 我们首先要解决的问题是…5. short-sighted policy 眼光短浅的政策6. while ……with one hand, ……with the other. 当(我们)一方面…., 而另一方面…eg. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.7. far from 远离,远远不,非但不eg. Far from taking exception(take exception:反对), no one is even mildly surprised.8. be bound toeg. Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education.9. (or) vice-versa 反之亦然10. sth. be measured in terms of … sth.用…来衡量eg. “success” is measured in terms of freedom from insecurity.11…. (现象)…, upon which views vary from person to person.12.A be more essential to B. 对B来说, A是尤为关键重要的.13.Distinguished scientific accomplishment is a matter of opportunity and of continuous and concentrated effort over long years. (很优美的句子,值得借鉴)14. from the …point of view 从…角度来看eg. From the health point of view 从健康的角度来看15. ……must be rooted out in order to …. …必须根除以…eg. Moral corruption must be rooted out in order to preserve the integrity of the state. 为了使国家健康发展,必须根除腐败.16. …represent only the tip of the iceberg. …….只是冰山一角eg. The most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.17….demonstrate the value of one’s life and work hard to achieve feats that will live up to the expectations of the people and the times. 证实自己的人生价值,努力的工作取得成就,而不辜负人民和时代的期望. (出处同上)18.When asked about…, the overwhelming majority of people say that ….But other people think of … as…. / But I think quite differently. (对报刊上某一问题(已有不同的人发表了不同的观点)发表自己的观点)19.It is generally believed/accepted/held that… 通常认为….20. It is no denying the fact that…. 无可否认…
十九.副词1. admittedly 应当承认:2. 1. admittedly 应当承认:3. discreetly 小心谨慎地:4. conceivably 可以想象地5. surely 肯定地6. eagerly 渴望地7. increasingly 不断增长地8. honestly: 诚实地9. certainly: 当然地
Culture 文化篇A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdomand delight.(P. B. Shelley , British poet )伟大的诗篇即是永远喷出智慧和欢欣之水的喷泉。(英国诗人 雪莱. P. B)Art is a lie that tells the truth .( Picasso , Spanish painter )美术是揭示真理的谎言。 (西班牙画家 毕加索)Humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest. (Mark Twain , American novelist )幽默被人正确地解释为“以诚挚表达感受，寓深思于嬉笑”。(美国小说家 马克?吐温)The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation ; the two keepin their downward tendency.( Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的时间是齐头并进的。(德国诗人 歌德 . J . W .)When one loves one's art no service seems too hard .(O. Henry, Americannovelist) 一旦热爱艺术，什么奉献也不难。 (美国小说家 欧?亨利)
education 教育篇And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet)勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。(英国诗人, 乔叟)Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune.(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)与其不受教育,不如不生,因为无知是不幸的根源.(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)
friendship 友谊篇“Some friends come and go like a season. Others are arranged in our lives for good reason.”---Sharita Gadison“A true friend is someone you can disagree with and still remain friends. For if not, they weren't true friends in the first place.”
“比如”的表达方式：For example,For instance,It can be given a concrete example,Take ... for an example, it is a very obvious caseThere is one impressive example I want to mention here.Let's see an example.It is best illustrated if given the following example.Let me provide an example.Perhaps the most important example of ...is that...As I remember,/ I now still remember that.I will never forget thatTo illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.An instance that accompanies this reason is that...An example can give the details of this argument, ...It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of ...History presented many examples of...In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example.
一、不同意
I would certainly oppose changing the system [+ ing form of verb]
She's opposed to religious education in schools.--be opposed to sth to disagree -with a principle or plan:---
Are you for or against my proposal
He objects to the label 'magician' which he is often given.
Her objection to/against the plan is based on incorrect facts
二、同意
Have they assented to (= agreed to) the terms of the contract?--『Formal』
She advocates taking a more long-term view.[+ ing form of verb]
He advocates the return of capital punishment.
I think you were quite justified in complaining『having a good reason for something』
I generally favour travelling by night, when the roads are quiet.
But the federal Training Minister disputes crisis calls from employers,
三、问题出现
One of the disquieting facts stemming from this is that plastic bags can become serial killers
this has resulted in a ban on plastic bags being imposed there early in .
An increasingly crowded curriculum, maths is being sidelined.
township hospitals are running at a loss or are on the verge of collapse.
the world's tropical forests continue to disappear with disheartening speed
from September through to December airborne pollen from olive blossoms is contributing to asthma and hay fever problems
But recently a new trend has been evident - one person living in a house
the rise and rise of the single person household.
四、问题原因
this could be due to the fact that HDPE bags can not be put out for collection with other household recyclables
the problem arises partly because charities have outposts in areas of conflict:
Another cause for concern,the use of (DU), may also be less of a problem than many fear
Another current concern about China is that 。。。。。。
the PCAU has found that even though bombs, troop movements and landmines caused awful problems in Afghanistan, the most serious long-term consequences have resulted from the uncontrolled use of resources, particularly the cutting of
t says the drain is symptomatic of a maths crisis that has its origins in the classroom.
But that had more to do with the collapse of investment in America than with the rise in China
the pact of owed more to Nelson Mandela's patient mediation than to the Burundian elite's own desire for peace
五、解决问题
the world woke up to the issue
different countries have adopted a range of approaches to discourage the use of plastic bags in an attempt to cut down on the number of bags finding their way into the environment
the government has implemented new regulations that will see only thicker, more durable plastic bags produced.
recycling your plastic shopping bags is one of the most obvious courses of action
Given the costs and inconvenience associated with recycling, and the fact that reuse only delays the plastic entering the environment, the most sensible option is to cut down on the number of plastic bags that you use, or stop using them altogether.
there are a range of alternatives to plastic bags
the seriousness of any of these problems will depend largely on the length and severity of the war, and on how quickly aid agencies can get in afterwards.
rather than fight through the courts park by park, reserve by reserve, theGovernment has opted to negotiate with them.
faced with those perennial challenges renewables like solar
Power are becoming more viable options, particularly in smaller, more remote communties.
六、坏的影响
A rise in interest rates would severely retard economic growth.(延缓)
High winds have hindered firefighters in their efforts to put out the blaze(阻)
Irreversible destruction of rainforests
Storms hampered the American-led advance on the city, bringing some convoys to a standstill(to prevent someone doing something easily)
they were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come( sudden event that causes very great trouble or destruction)
the emigration of scientists is a catastrophe for the country(a bad situation)
the approaching cyclone could exact a huge toll(cause a lot of damage; cause many deaths:)
flash floods cause havoc in Thai capital
the last few months have seen the progressive meltdown of the country's political system.( complete failure, especially in financial matters)
fighting and shortages have brought normal life to a virtual standstill in the city(a condition in which all movement or activity has stopped)
Spell a diseaster
Cheating generates numerous unfavorable results
what concerns many people is that the long term effects of consuming such foods cannot be predicted
Once let loose into the environment, plastic bags can cause considerable harm, blocking drains and suffocating wildlife mistaking the bag for food.
Plastic shopping bags have a surprisingly significant environmental impact for something so seemingly innocuous
As well as being an eyesore (next time you are outside, have a look around - you'll be amazed at the number of plastic bags littering our streets and waterways), plastic shopping bags kill large numbers of wildlife each year.『句型 as well as +ing ,』
China's success at building bikes has undermined production of two-wheeled vehicles everywhere
But away from the orderly plantings and the managed olive groves, there's apotentially disastrous downside. In the foothills, some are calling it and environmental calamity.
七、影响程度
the fire caused considerable damage to the church.
She's been a tremendous (= very great) help to me over the last few months
the radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
near historically unprecedented levels
八、表数量
A large number of
Overwelming number of
A fraction of ...a small part of
enormous proportion of
the majority ..the minority.
widows make up the bulk of the group but their proportion is declining,
九、好的影响
there's a flourishing trade in second-hand video machines.
His business thrived in the years before the war
A thriving economy
the leisure industry is booming (= is very successful) .
newspaper stands is growing briskly
十、其它
Its phenomenally fast growth can be sustained only at the expense of other economies, both developed and developing。
labour-intensive textile and clothing sector
Shoes, semiconductors and televisions are expected to follow
Inevitably, as China grows, some countries will find their competitive position altered
Moreover, the raw numbers exaggerate the picture
By contrast, when it comes to computers, cars or semiconductors-capital-intensive goods, in other